Analysis of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Technology in Diesel Displacement: A Case Study of Off-Grid Areas

Abstract

This research aims to identify renewable energy solutions for the off-grid power system in Mentawai Regency, which currently relies heavily on diesel power plants (PLTD). As a world-renowned tourist destination with significant renewable energy potential, Mentawai Regency requires an adequate and sustainable electricity supply to support regional development and the tourism sector. This study analyzes several energy system configurations using combinations of solar photovoltaic (PV), wind power (PLTB), and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) featuring NCA, NCM, and LFP battery technologies. Simulation results indicate that a PV-Wind configuration with NCA batteries achieves the lowest Cost of Energy (COE) at 1.291 USD/kWh, with renewable energy penetration reaching 94.8%. Several tested configurations also demonstrate competitiveness against the Mentawai’s electricity generation cost (BPP) of 0.468 USD/kWh. Implementing these renewable energy systems could not only enhance energy resilience and reduce dependence on fossil fuels but also support infrastructure development and the tourism sector. Therefore, transitioning to renewable energy with phased BESS implementation is highly recommended to achieve energy efficiency and sustainability in the Mentawai Islands.