Study on the Effectiveness of On-Grid Solar Power Plant (PLTS) and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Implementation at Pauh Limo

Abstract

While UBP Ombilin entered commercial operation, the unused land at Pauh Limo offers strategic potential to advance Indonesia’s Net Zero Emission (NZE) 2060 roadmap through solar deployment. This study proposes an on-grid Solar PV–Battery Energy Storage System integration to reduce peak-hour reliance on the gas turbine, cut emissions, and increase the renewable share in the generation mix. The methodology combines Helioscope-based PV layout and energy-yield simulations, Peak Sun Hours (PSH) resource assessment, and analytical BESS sizing. Within approximately 12,000 m² of available land, simulations indicate a feasible PV capacity of 1.1 MWp with a DC/AC ratio of 1.2 and inverter rating of 900 kW AC. Based on typical tropical irradiance (~4 PSH/day), a BESS capacity of 5 MWh is selected to store daytime production for evening peak dispatch, thereby curbing PLTG operating hours. The total capital expenditure is estimated at IDR 33.08 billion, with annual depreciation of IDR 6.616 billion, and O&M costs assumed. Operational readiness is supported by a daily schedule encompassing inspections, peak-hour charging, and pre-discharge checks. The proposed PLTS–BESS is technically and economically aligned with national decarbonization objectives while enhancing system reliability. Financially, the project is feasible as a substitute for PLTG operation due to the high cost of fuel-based power generation.